The NT scan (Nuchal Translucency scan) is a first-trimester ultrasound performed between 11 weeks 2 days and 13 weeks 6 days of pregnancy. It measures the fluid at the back of the baby's neck to screen for chromosomal conditions including Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18), and Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13). At Mother Hospitals, Boduppal, the NT scan is performed as part of the combined first-trimester screening — ultrasound measurement plus blood tests — for the most accurate risk assessment. Call 97059 93366 to book.
First-trimester Down syndrome screening with high-resolution ultrasound and combined blood test. Expert antenatal care by Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy. Mother Hospitals, Boduppal, Hyderabad.
MBBS · DGO · PG Diploma in ART — Kiel University, Germany
20+ Years Experience · TGMC Reg: 50624 · 10,000+ Families
The NT scan is the most important screening test of the first trimester. Understanding what it measures, what it screens for, and what the results mean helps you feel prepared and confident at this stage of your pregnancy.
Nuchal translucency (NT) refers to the fluid-filled space at the back of a developing baby's neck, visible on ultrasound in the first trimester. All babies have some fluid in this area — it appears as a dark (translucent) band behind the neck on the scan image. The NT measurement is the thickness of this fluid space, taken at its widest point, using precise technique and calibrated ultrasound equipment.
Between approximately 11 and 14 weeks, this space is at its most visible and measurable. Before 11 weeks, the baby is too small for reliable measurement. After 14 weeks, the fluid naturally drains away and the space closes — so the window for an accurate NT measurement is narrow.
An increased NT measurement does not mean there is definitely a problem — it means the risk of certain chromosomal or cardiac conditions is higher than average. Most babies with a slightly increased NT are born healthy. The NT result is always interpreted in the context of the full combined first-trimester screen, maternal age, and blood test results.
The NT scan screens for chromosomal aneuploidies — conditions caused by an abnormal number of chromosomes in the baby's cells. The main conditions screened include:
It is important to understand that the NT scan does not detect all chromosomal conditions. NIPT (non-invasive prenatal testing) and amniocentesis provide more comprehensive information about additional chromosomal differences. The NT scan is a screening test — it assesses risk, not diagnosis.
These terms are often used interchangeably, but they are not identical. The "12-week scan" is a colloquial name that refers to the first major routine antenatal ultrasound, which happens between 11 and 14 weeks. In most centres this scan includes the NT measurement — making it an "NT scan" — but not all 12-week scans include a formal, protocol-compliant NT measurement.
At Mother Hospitals, the first-trimester scan performed at 11–14 weeks includes: gestational age confirmation via crown-rump length (CRL), NT measurement with nasal bone assessment, and early anatomy review of the fetal head, heart, and limbs. This is the complete first-trimester ultrasound, not just a dating check.
The NT scan must be done between 11 weeks 2 days and 13 weeks 6 days. After 14 weeks, the nuchal translucency naturally disappears and cannot be measured. If you miss this window, first-trimester combined screening is no longer possible — you would move directly to second-trimester quadruple screening or NIPT. Book early to avoid missing this critical scan.
The window for an NT scan is narrow — just 18 days. Understanding the gestational age requirement helps you book at exactly the right time.
Gestational age is counted from the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP) — not from conception. If your periods are irregular or you are unsure of your LMP, a dating scan can establish gestational age accurately using the crown-rump length (CRL).
For IVF pregnancies, gestational age is calculated from the egg retrieval date (adding 14 days) or the embryo transfer date (adding the number of days of embryo development to 14 days). Your fertility team will provide the exact gestational age — bring this information to your NT scan appointment.
If you are not sure of your exact gestational age, book a dating scan first (from 6–8 weeks) to confirm your dates. At Mother Hospitals, the dating scan and first antenatal visit are coordinated so that a reminder is placed for your NT scan at the correct time.
If you are between 10 weeks 3 days and 11 weeks 1 day and worried about missing the window, call us immediately on 97059 93366 — we will assess whether to book now or wait a few days for the optimal measurement window.
Most women find the NT scan reassuring and exciting — it is often the first time you see your baby moving clearly. Here is exactly what to expect.
You will be asked to lie on the examination couch. An ultrasound transducer (probe) is placed gently on your abdomen with ultrasound gel. The sonographer or doctor locates the baby and obtains a mid-sagittal view — a side profile of the baby showing the face, neck, and upper chest. This precise view is required for the NT measurement.
The NT measurement is taken at the thickest point of the dark (translucent) space at the back of the baby's neck, with electronic callipers placed from the inner edge of the skin line to the outer edge of the spinal tissue. Multiple measurements are taken — the largest is recorded. This requires the baby to be in the right position, and sometimes a gentle tap on the abdomen encourages the baby to move. Patience and gentle repositioning may be needed.
If the abdominal view is inadequate — for example due to maternal body habitus or baby position — the scan may be performed transvaginally (TVS). This gives a clearer image and is completely safe in pregnancy. It is a routine procedure and not a cause for concern.
In addition to the NT measurement, the scan assesses: presence of the nasal bone (absent nasal bone increases Down syndrome risk), basic fetal anatomy (head shape, limb presence, abdominal wall), fetal heart rate, and location of the placenta.
The NT measurement alone gives useful information, but its accuracy is significantly improved when combined with two blood test markers measured in the mother's blood:
These two blood tests, combined with the NT measurement and maternal age, produce an individualised risk score for Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, and Trisomy 13. This is called the Combined First-Trimester Screen and is the most accurate first-trimester chromosomal screening test available in routine clinical practice, as recommended by FOGSI and ICMR.
Blood can be taken on the same day as the ultrasound at Mother Hospitals — no separate appointment needed. Results are usually available within 24–48 hours.
The ultrasound itself takes approximately 15–20 minutes — but this depends on the baby's position. If the baby is not in the ideal position for NT measurement (facing the wrong way, curled tightly, or very active), the scan may take longer. Please allow 30–45 minutes for your appointment including registration, history, the scan itself, and the results discussion with Dr. Prashanthi.
A moderately full bladder is helpful for the abdominal scan in early pregnancy — drink 2–3 glasses of water about 30–45 minutes before your appointment. However, if the view is not clear enough abdominally, the scan is completed transvaginally. You do not need to have a painfully full bladder — comfortably full is adequate. If transvaginal scanning is needed, you will be asked to empty your bladder first.
NT scan results can cause anxiety — particularly when a result is higher risk. Here is a clear, factual guide to what the numbers mean and what happens next.
The NT measurement is interpreted in relation to the crown-rump length (CRL) — a larger, older baby naturally has a larger NT. The software used for combined screening (such as the FMF algorithm) adjusts for CRL automatically.
As a general guide:
It is crucial to understand that NT measurement alone does not diagnose any condition. A single NT measurement gives a risk probability, not a certain diagnosis. Many babies with NT of 3–4 mm are completely healthy.
The combined first-trimester screening generates a risk ratio — for example, 1 in 250, 1 in 5000, or 1 in 10. This is not a percentage chance of abnormality; it is a ratio based on all the factors combined.
An elevated NT (above 3.5 mm) warrants further assessment even if the combined risk score comes back as low risk. Dr. Prashanthi will typically recommend:
A high-risk combined screen result means further testing is available — not that you must make any particular decision. The usual pathway is:
At Mother Hospitals, Dr. Prashanthi will explain the full pathway clearly, without pressure, and help you make an informed decision about whether and which further tests to pursue. You are always in control of the process.
Three different tests — each with a distinct role. Understanding the difference helps you discuss your options clearly with Dr. Prashanthi.
The standard pathway is: Combined First-Trimester Screen (NT scan + blood test) → if high risk, NIPT → if NIPT high risk or definitive answer needed, CVS or amniocentesis. Dr. Prashanthi will guide you through each step with clear explanations.
At Mother Hospitals, the NT scan is not a standalone appointment — it is part of a complete, coordinated pregnancy monitoring programme.
The Mother 9 Card gives you complete antenatal care across all three trimesters — including all routine pregnancy scans, check-ups, and blood test reviews — for just ₹500. This includes the NT scan at 11–14 weeks, the anomaly scan at 18–22 weeks, growth scans in the third trimester, all routine blood test review consultations, and personalised birth planning support.
This is not an insurance product — it is a structured maternity care package that ensures you never miss a critical scan or check-up. The same doctor, Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy, monitors your entire pregnancy from booking to delivery. Learn more about the Mother 9 programme →
When an NT result is slightly elevated or borderline, the way that result is communicated and followed up can make an enormous difference to how you feel. At Mother Hospitals, Dr. Prashanthi explains your NT result personally, in the context of your full history, blood test results, and individual circumstances — not through a receptionist or an automated letter.
This continuity of care means that if further scans or investigations are needed, they are coordinated immediately — not lost in referral queues. The entire journey from NT scan to anomaly scan to growth scan is managed by the same team who know your history.
Affordable, transparent pricing — with the option of including the NT scan within the Mother 9 complete antenatal package.
NT scan pricing at Mother Hospitals is competitive and affordable — in line with FOGSI-recommended care standards. The cost includes the ultrasound examination with NT measurement, nasal bone assessment, anatomy review, and report. Blood tests (PAPP-A, free beta-hCG) for the combined screen are additional if required.
For the most current pricing, please contact us directly:
Patients on the Mother 9 Card (₹500) have the NT scan included as part of their complete antenatal care package — see the Mother 9 programme for full details.
NT scan costs in Hyderabad vary between centres depending on the equipment used, the expertise of the scanning doctor, whether the combined blood test is included, and whether post-scan counselling is provided. Factors to consider when comparing costs:
At Mother Hospitals, the NT scan is performed and interpreted by Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy personally — not by a sonography technician only. This expertise makes a difference to measurement accuracy and result interpretation.
Not all NT scans are equal — technique, equipment, and expertise determine the quality of the measurement and the accuracy of the risk assessment.
Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy manages your entire pregnancy — from the dating scan to the NT scan, anomaly scan, growth scans, and delivery. She knows your full history, can detect changes between scans, and provides consistent, personalised care. You do not see a different sonographer or a locum doctor at each visit.
Accurate NT measurement depends on equipment resolution — a measurement of 2.9 mm vs 3.1 mm can significantly change the risk category. Mother Hospitals uses modern high-resolution ultrasound machines calibrated for first-trimester scanning, ensuring measurements meet the technical standards required for FMF (Fetal Medicine Foundation) algorithm accuracy.
Dr. Prashanthi completed her PG Diploma in ART from Kiel University, Germany — a centre with a strong tradition of obstetric ultrasound training. Her international exposure includes training in first-trimester screening protocols consistent with European and FMF standards, which represent the gold standard in NT scan methodology.
Many centres in Hyderabad offer the NT ultrasound in isolation — without combining it with the PAPP-A and free beta-hCG blood tests. This gives a less accurate risk assessment. At Mother Hospitals, blood tests are taken the same day and the full combined risk score is calculated, giving you the most accurate first-trimester screening result possible.
NT scan results — especially when elevated — can cause significant anxiety. Dr. Prashanthi takes time to explain every result in plain language: what the number means, what the risk ratio means in practical terms, and what the options are if further testing is needed. You leave the appointment with clarity, not confusion.
Your NT scan at Mother Hospitals is not an isolated event — it is coordinated within the Mother 9 antenatal programme. The result informs the plan for the rest of your pregnancy, whether that means routine anomaly scan monitoring at 18–22 weeks, earlier fetal echocardiography, or referral for NIPT. Everything is connected and managed by one team.
MBBS · DGO · PG Diploma in ART — Kiel University, Germany
Founder & Medical Director — Mother Hospitals & IVF Center, Boduppal
TGMC Registration: 50624 · 20+ Years Experience · 10,000+ Families
Common questions about the NT scan — timing, safety, results, and what comes next.
The NT scan is not legally mandatory in India, but FOGSI (Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India) and ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) guidelines strongly recommend first-trimester combined screening (NT scan + blood tests) for all pregnant women. The Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (PNDT) Act in India regulates the use of genetic testing, but chromosomal screening via NT scan and blood tests does not fall under PNDT restrictions. In practice, most obstetricians at reputable hospitals in Hyderabad offer the NT scan as routine first-trimester care. Choosing not to have it is your right, but understanding the information it provides helps you make a fully informed choice.
If you are past 14 weeks and have not had an NT scan, the combined first-trimester screening is no longer available. The options at that stage are: second-trimester quadruple screening (AFP, hCG, estriol, and inhibin-A) offered at 15–18 weeks — this has lower sensitivity than combined first-trimester screening for Down syndrome (approximately 75–80%); NIPT (non-invasive prenatal testing), which can be taken at any gestational age from 10 weeks onwards and provides the most accurate non-invasive chromosomal screening available; or the anomaly scan at 18–22 weeks, which can sometimes identify soft markers associated with chromosomal conditions (though this is not a reliable standalone screen). If you have missed the NT window, discuss options with Dr. Prashanthi — NIPT is likely the most informative next step.
Yes — the NT scan is completely safe for both mother and baby. It uses diagnostic ultrasound, which has been used in pregnancy for over 50 years with no demonstrated harmful effects. Ultrasound does not use X-rays or ionising radiation — it uses sound waves. The scan is non-invasive and painless. Even if a transvaginal approach is needed, this is a routine and safe procedure in early pregnancy. There is no risk of miscarriage, no needle, and no known adverse effects on fetal development from diagnostic ultrasound scanning.
A moderately full bladder is helpful for the abdominal ultrasound in the first trimester — it lifts the uterus out of the pelvis and provides a clearer image. Drink 2–3 glasses of water about 30–45 minutes before your appointment. However, you do not need to be in discomfort — a comfortably full bladder is sufficient. If the abdominal view is not clear enough for the NT measurement, the scan will be performed transvaginally (internal scan). For TVS, you will empty your bladder first. This is standard practice and not a cause for concern.
No — the NT scan combined with blood tests (PAPP-A, free beta-hCG) screens primarily for Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18), and Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13). Detection rates for Down syndrome are approximately 85–90% with the combined first-trimester screen. It does not reliably screen for microdeletion syndromes (such as DiGeorge syndrome, 22q11 deletion) or rare chromosomal conditions. NIPT has a wider detection range and can now include microdeletion panels in some laboratories. If you require the most comprehensive chromosomal screening available non-invasively, NIPT with an expanded panel is the most thorough option before amniocentesis.
An NT measurement below 2.5 mm is reassuring and well within the normal range for most gestational ages. Values up to 3.5 mm may be normal depending on the crown-rump length (CRL) and blood test results. The NT measurement alone does not determine outcome — it is always interpreted as part of the combined first-trimester screen incorporating maternal age, blood test results (PAPP-A and free beta-hCG), and NT measurement. A risk score below 1 in 250 is generally considered low risk. If you receive a specific number, bring it to your consultation with Dr. Prashanthi for proper interpretation in context — a raw NT value without the full combined screen result can be misleading.
Yes — the combined first-trimester screen has a false positive rate of approximately 5% (1 in 20 women with a normal pregnancy will receive a high-risk result that turns out to be a false alarm). This is why a high-risk combined screen result is not a diagnosis — it is a signal that further testing is needed. NIPT has a much lower false positive rate (below 1%) and is the recommended next step after a high-risk combined screen. Amniocentesis or CVS is the only test that provides a definitive chromosomal diagnosis. Dr. Prashanthi will counsel you clearly so that you understand the difference between a screening result and a diagnostic result.
No — these are different scans at different gestational ages with different purposes. The NT scan is a first-trimester scan at 11–14 weeks, focused on chromosomal risk assessment via the nuchal translucency measurement. The anomaly scan (also called TIFFA scan or 20-week scan) is a second-trimester scan at 18–22 weeks that performs a detailed review of fetal anatomy — checking over 70 structural elements including the heart, brain, kidneys, spine, and face. Both scans are part of the routine antenatal programme at Mother Hospitals and are included in the Mother 9 antenatal package.
Complete pregnancy monitoring from dating scan to growth scan — all managed by the same doctor, as part of the Mother 9 antenatal programme.
Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy · Mother Hospitals, Boduppal · TGMC Reg: 50624