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Semen Analysis Test — Your Report Explained

Got your semen analysis report and not sure what it means? This page explains every parameter, the normal values (WHO 2021), and exactly what to do next — whether your report is normal, borderline, or significantly abnormal.

Quick Answer: Semen analysis measures sperm count (normal ≥16M/mL), motility (normal ≥42%), and morphology (normal ≥4%). An abnormal report does not mean fatherhood is impossible — ICSI at Mother Hospitals Boduppal Hyderabad can work with even 1 sperm. Call: 97059 93366 for a report consultation.
🔒 Semen analysis and result discussions are completely confidential. You may share your report via WhatsApp for a preliminary opinion. Attend clinic alone or with your partner.
📞 Call: 97059 93366 💬 Share Report via WhatsApp
Remember: Even a severely abnormal semen analysis does not mean you cannot become a father. The report tells us the starting point — ICSI at Mother Hospitals can achieve fertilisation with even a single sperm. Do not read an abnormal result as a life sentence. Get a specialist opinion first.

Every Semen Analysis Parameter Explained

WHO 2021 reference values — what each number in your report means

Volume
Normal: ≥1.4 mL
Total amount of semen produced. Low volume (hypospermia) may indicate ejaculatory duct obstruction, retrograde ejaculation, or collection error. Very high volume may dilute sperm concentration.
Sperm Concentration
Normal: ≥16 million/mL
Number of sperm per millilitre of semen. Below 16M/mL = oligospermia. Below 1M/mL = severe oligospermia. Zero = azoospermia. The most important parameter — but even very low counts can be treated with ICSI.
Total Sperm Count
Normal: ≥39 million
Volume × concentration = total sperm in the ejaculate. A better overall measure than concentration alone. Below 39 million total = oligospermia even if concentration is borderline normal.
Total Motility
Normal: ≥42%
Percentage of all moving sperm (both progressive + non-progressive). Below 42% = asthenospermia. With ICSI, motility is bypassed entirely — the embryologist injects sperm directly into the egg.
Progressive Motility
Normal: ≥30%
Percentage of sperm moving forward (PR grade). The most important motility parameter for natural conception and IUI. For ICSI, the embryologist selects individual sperm — progressive motility matters less.
Normal Morphology
Normal: ≥4% (Kruger)
Percentage of sperm with normal shape (Kruger strict criteria). Below 4% = teratospermia. This sounds very low — most fertile men have 96%+ abnormal sperm. Even 0% normal morphology can be treated with ICSI (embryologist picks the best available).
pH
Normal: 7.2–8.0
Acidity/alkalinity. Low pH (<7.2) suggests ejaculatory duct obstruction or absent seminal vesicles. High pH may indicate infection. Usually not the primary concern but guides further investigation.
Leukocytes (WBC)
Normal: <1 million/mL
White blood cells in semen. Elevated (leukocytospermia) suggests infection — chlamydia, gonorrhoea, or non-specific urogenital infection. Treated with targeted antibiotics before proceeding with fertility treatment.
DNA Fragmentation (DFI)
Normal: <15%
Not included in standard semen analysis — must be requested separately. Measures genetic damage inside sperm. High DFI (above 30%) causes IVF failure and miscarriage even with normal count. See: DNA Fragmentation Guide.

If Your Report is Abnormal — Next Steps

What to do after receiving an abnormal semen analysis result

Abnormal FindingMedical TermRecommended Next Step
Low count (<16M/mL)OligospermiaHormone panel + scrotal ultrasound. Antioxidants 3 months. IUI (mild) or IVF+ICSI (moderate/severe)
No sperm foundAzoospermiaRepeat test ×2. Hormone panel + karyotype + Y-deletion. TESA + ICSI if obstructive
Poor motilityAsthenospermiaVaricocele screen + antioxidants (CoQ10, L-Carnitine). ICSI bypasses motility
Abnormal shape <4%TeratospermiaDFI test. ICSI selects best-shaped sperm available
Combined abnormalitiesOligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT)Full workup. ICSI is treatment of choice. Even with combined severe abnormalities, ICSI achieves pregnancy
High white blood cellsLeukocytospermiaTest for infection (chlamydia, gonorrhoea). Antibiotic treatment. Repeat semen analysis
Low volume (<1.4mL)HypospermiaRetrograde ejaculation screen. TRUS (ultrasound) for ejaculatory duct

Got an Abnormal Report? Here's What to Do

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Step 1: Get a Specialist Opinion
Call Mother Hospitals on 97059 93366 or share your report via WhatsApp: 90520 74999. Dr. Prashanthi Reddy will review your results and explain what they mean for your fertility — in plain language, no jargon.
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Step 2: Additional Tests
Based on your semen analysis, additional tests may be recommended — hormone panel, scrotal ultrasound, DNA fragmentation. These identify the cause and guide the most effective treatment plan.
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Step 3: Start Antioxidants
If count, motility, or morphology are below normal, start antioxidant therapy immediately. CoQ10, Vitamin C/E, Zinc, L-Carnitine. Results appear in 3 months. Begin lifestyle changes (quit smoking, avoid heat) simultaneously.
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Step 4: Choose the Right Treatment
Mild: IUI. Moderate–Severe: ICSI. Azoospermia: TESA+ICSI. High DFI: PICSI or TESA+ICSI. The treatment plan is personalised based on all test results — not just the semen analysis alone.
Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy – Semen Analysis Specialist, Mother Hospitals Hyderabad

Dr. E. Prashanthi Reddy

MBBS · DGO · PG Diploma in ART – Kiel University, Germany
Founder & Medical Director — Mother Hospitals & IVF Center, Boduppal, Hyderabad
TGMC Reg: 50624 · 19+ Years · 5,000+ IVF & ICSI Cycles
All semen analysis results explained personally — no confusing medical reports handed without discussion

Frequently Asked Questions — Semen Analysis

What does a semen analysis test measure?
A semen analysis measures: (1) Volume — total semen amount. (2) Sperm concentration — sperm per mL. (3) Total motility — % moving sperm. (4) Progressive motility — % moving forward. (5) Morphology — % normally shaped. (6) pH — acidity. (7) Leukocytes — white cells (suggests infection if elevated). DNA fragmentation is a separate test not included in routine analysis.
My semen analysis is abnormal — does that mean I cannot have children?
No. An abnormal report does not mean you cannot become a father. Even severe oligospermia, poor motility, and abnormal morphology can be overcome with ICSI — which requires only a single healthy sperm injected directly into an egg. Many men with severely abnormal semen reports have fathered biological children through ICSI at Mother Hospitals Hyderabad.
What is normal sperm morphology?
Normal morphology by Kruger strict criteria is ≥4%. This means that in most fertile men, at least 96% of sperm have abnormal shape — only 4% need to be normal. Below 4% is teratospermia. Even with 0% normal morphology, ICSI can select the best-shaped sperm available, and pregnancy can still be achieved.
What if my semen has no sperm (azoospermia)?
If no sperm are found in two separate semen samples, it is azoospermia. Hormone panel + scrotal ultrasound are done next to determine if obstructive (TESA usually successful) or non-obstructive (micro-TESA in selected cases). Many men with azoospermia have fathered children through TESA + ICSI at Mother Hospitals.
How often should I repeat a semen analysis?
If the first is abnormal, repeat after 2–4 weeks with the same 3–5 day abstinence. Parameters can vary significantly between tests. After starting antioxidants or lifestyle changes, repeat after 3 months (one complete sperm production cycle) to assess improvement.
Can I get a semen analysis confidentially in Hyderabad?
Yes. Semen analysis at Mother Hospitals & IVF Center, Boduppal is done in a private, confidential setting. A dedicated sample collection room is provided. Results discussed discreetly with Dr. Prashanthi Reddy. Attend alone or with your partner. WhatsApp available for questions.

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